Run #/scripts/fixquotas
For fixing everuthing including mail boxes and DNS,
#/scripts/fixeverything
If it is showing any error about permission of writing on aquota.user file check its permissions and attributes.
#lsattr aquota.user
To remove attribute
#chattr -i aquota.user
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please check for any spelling mistakes on my commands
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Saturday, June 20, 2009
Friday, June 19, 2009
Troubleshooting php installations/compilations on Linux servers
It's very easy to install PHP or Apache software using yum or rpm on plain Linux servers. It installs all the necessary dependency packages automatically, we don’t need to install such dependent or development packages manually.
RPM’s are standard packages which are pre-compiled with some basic settings/modules but some of application needed the extra module which doesn’t exit in pre-compiled rpm, in such case you will have to recompile the php-apache manually. Compiling any application from source is always the right idea. Though time consuming and sometimes painful, it allows you the privilege of setting the required modules.
Here are some command errors which occur while installing/compiling/building PHP 5 manually on Linux Servers, you can fix them by installing appropriate development modules.
1) Configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
Solutions :
Quote:
#yum install libxml2-devel
2) Checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's
Solutions :
Quote:
#yum install openssl-devel
3) Configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install bzip2-devel
4) Configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in/include/curl/
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install curl-devel
5) Configure: error: libjpeg.(also) not found.
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install libjpeg-devel
6) Configure: error: libpng.(also) not found.
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install libpng-devel
7) Configure: error: freetype.h not found.
Solutions :
Quote:
#yum install freetype-devel
8) Configure: error: Unable to locate gmp.h
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install gmp-devel
9) Configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under /usr.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install mysql-devel
10) Configure: error: Please reinstall the ncurses distribution
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install ncurses-devel
11) Checking for unixODBC support... configure: error: ODBC header file '/usr/include/sqlext.h' not found!
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install unixODBC-devel
12) Configure: error: Cannot find pspell
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install pspell-devel
13) Configure: error: snmp.h not found. Check your SNMP installation.
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install net-snmp-devel
RPM’s are standard packages which are pre-compiled with some basic settings/modules but some of application needed the extra module which doesn’t exit in pre-compiled rpm, in such case you will have to recompile the php-apache manually. Compiling any application from source is always the right idea. Though time consuming and sometimes painful, it allows you the privilege of setting the required modules.
Here are some command errors which occur while installing/compiling/building PHP 5 manually on Linux Servers, you can fix them by installing appropriate development modules.
1) Configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
Solutions :
Quote:
#yum install libxml2-devel
2) Checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's
Solutions :
Quote:
#yum install openssl-devel
3) Configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install bzip2-devel
4) Configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install curl-devel
5) Configure: error: libjpeg.(also) not found.
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install libjpeg-devel
6) Configure: error: libpng.(also) not found.
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install libpng-devel
7) Configure: error: freetype.h not found.
Solutions :
Quote:
#yum install freetype-devel
8) Configure: error: Unable to locate gmp.h
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install gmp-devel
9) Configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under /usr.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install mysql-devel
10) Configure: error: Please reinstall the ncurses distribution
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install ncurses-devel
11) Checking for unixODBC support... configure: error: ODBC header file '/usr/include/sqlext.h' not found!
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install unixODBC-devel
12) Configure: error: Cannot find pspell
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install pspell-devel
13) Configure: error: snmp.h not found. Check your SNMP installation.
Solutions :
Quote:
# yum install net-snmp-devel
What is Mod-Rewrite Module and How to enable ?
What is Mod-Rewrite Module?
Mod_rewrite is merely the Apache module that contains the rewrite engine - other servers will process URL rewriting differently.Mod-Rewrite module uses a rule-based rewriting engine (based on a regular-expression parser) to rewrite requested URLs on the fly. It supports an unlimited number of rules and an unlimited number of attached rule conditions for each rule to provide a really flexible and powerful URL manipulation mechanism.
The RewriteEngine directive enables or disables the runtime rewriting engine. We need to tell Apache where and what to rewrite. You have two options here - more commonly, you can place the code in a .htaccess file. This is nothing more than a text file which when present in a directory will be interpreted by Apache.The other alternative is only available if you have root access and that is to place the code inside your httpd.conf
How can I enable Mod-Rewrite Module?
Before we can rewrite, there is one option we must first set: FollowSymLinks. This is a security feature of the rewrite engine and you will not be able to rewrite without this option. In most cases, this will already be set in the server httpd.conf but you can safely state it again.Additionally, if you use indexes, we must enable the Indexes option.
In order to enable Mod_Rewrite for your site you should create a text file called .htacccess in the directory where you wish the rewrite rules to apply.
================================================== ==========
#The first three lines of this text file should be:
Options +FollowSymLinks
Options +Indexes
RewriteEngine On
#After that you can place your rewrite rules
================================================== ===========
RewriteRule example :=
1] When you want Register a Domain, Find Hosting and Create a Website at Domain.com to be redirected to Register a Domain, Find Hosting and Create a Website at Domain.com, add the following in your .htaccess.
Quote:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www.domain.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.domain.com/$1 [L,R=301]
2] If http://example.com/foo/bar does not exist, redirect to http://other.example.com/foo/bar. (Put this in an .htaccess file in your top-level web directory.)
Quote:
# .htaccess in root of example.com
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://other.example.com/$1 [R]
3] Handle all requests for top-level .html files and files with no extensions (http://example.com/foo, http://example.com/foo.html) with a single PHP program /foo/show.php. Also, ignore trailing characters in set { : ; , . } so URLs like "http://example.com/foo." can be copied-n-pasted from plain text sentences by inattentive users.
Quote:
# .htaccess in root of example.com
RewriteRule ^/?([^/]*\.html?|[^\./]*)[:;,\.]*$ /foo/show.php [L,NS] 4]Here are some examples for Joomla's SEF option:
Quote:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (/|\.htm|\.php|\.html|/[^.]*)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(content/|component/) index.php
5]Redirect GET requests for http://example.com/foo/bar to http://example.com/bar (and /foo/bar.html to /bar.html). Handle POST requests with PHP program rather than attempting to redirect a POST (which is unlikely to work well).
Quote:
# .htaccess in foo folder in example.com's document root
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} GET
RewriteRule ^/?([^/]*\.html?|[^\./]*)[:;,\.]*$ /$1 [R,L,NS]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} POST
RewriteRule ^/?([^/]*\.html?|[^\./]*)[:;,\.]*$ /foo/show.php [L,NS]
Mod_rewrite is merely the Apache module that contains the rewrite engine - other servers will process URL rewriting differently.Mod-Rewrite module uses a rule-based rewriting engine (based on a regular-expression parser) to rewrite requested URLs on the fly. It supports an unlimited number of rules and an unlimited number of attached rule conditions for each rule to provide a really flexible and powerful URL manipulation mechanism.
The RewriteEngine directive enables or disables the runtime rewriting engine. We need to tell Apache where and what to rewrite. You have two options here - more commonly, you can place the code in a .htaccess file. This is nothing more than a text file which when present in a directory will be interpreted by Apache.The other alternative is only available if you have root access and that is to place the code inside your httpd.conf
How can I enable Mod-Rewrite Module?
Before we can rewrite, there is one option we must first set: FollowSymLinks. This is a security feature of the rewrite engine and you will not be able to rewrite without this option. In most cases, this will already be set in the server httpd.conf but you can safely state it again.Additionally, if you use indexes, we must enable the Indexes option.
In order to enable Mod_Rewrite for your site you should create a text file called .htacccess in the directory where you wish the rewrite rules to apply.
================================================== ==========
#The first three lines of this text file should be:
Options +FollowSymLinks
Options +Indexes
RewriteEngine On
#After that you can place your rewrite rules
================================================== ===========
RewriteRule example :=
1] When you want Register a Domain, Find Hosting and Create a Website at Domain.com to be redirected to Register a Domain, Find Hosting and Create a Website at Domain.com, add the following in your .htaccess.
Quote:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www.domain.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.domain.com/$1 [L,R=301]
2] If http://example.com/foo/bar does not exist, redirect to http://other.example.com/foo/bar. (Put this in an .htaccess file in your top-level web directory.)
Quote:
# .htaccess in root of example.com
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://other.example.com/$1 [R]
3] Handle all requests for top-level .html files and files with no extensions (http://example.com/foo, http://example.com/foo.html) with a single PHP program /foo/show.php. Also, ignore trailing characters in set { : ; , . } so URLs like "http://example.com/foo." can be copied-n-pasted from plain text sentences by inattentive users.
Quote:
# .htaccess in root of example.com
RewriteRule ^/?([^/]*\.html?|[^\./]*)[:;,\.]*$ /foo/show.php [L,NS] 4]Here are some examples for Joomla's SEF option:
Quote:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (/|\.htm|\.php|\.html|/[^.]*)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(content/|component/) index.php
5]Redirect GET requests for http://example.com/foo/bar to http://example.com/bar (and /foo/bar.html to /bar.html). Handle POST requests with PHP program rather than attempting to redirect a POST (which is unlikely to work well).
Quote:
# .htaccess in foo folder in example.com's document root
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} GET
RewriteRule ^/?([^/]*\.html?|[^\./]*)[:;,\.]*$ /$1 [R,L,NS]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} POST
RewriteRule ^/?([^/]*\.html?|[^\./]*)[:;,\.]*$ /foo/show.php [L,NS]
What is DNS and types of DNS?
What is DNS?
Domain Name System (DNS) is a database system that translates a computer's fully qualified domain name into an IP address.
Networked computers use IP addresses to locate and connect to each other, but IP addresses can be difficult for people to remember. For example, on the web, it's much easier to remember the domain name www.eukhost.com than it is to remember its corresponding IP address (213.175.192.12).
DNS allows you to connect to another networked computer or remote service by using its user-friendly domain name rather than its numerical IP address. Conversely, Reverse DNS (rDNS) translates an IP address into a domain name.
Types of DNS
Domain name system translate domain name to ip address. There are different types of dns server available we can install any of them as per our requirement.
1) BIND -> BIND is the reference implementation of a DNS server and usually serves as the base for experimentation with DNS protocol extensions. BIND is free and has been ported to many operating systems; see the respective entries in the index. Most BIND servers run on some variant of Unix, although BIND on Windows is also available.
Url:- http://www.bind9.net/download
2) djbdns:- The two main name server functions of caching and acting as an authoritative server are sensibly split into two separate programs (dnscache and tinydns). The djbdns package is free, and comes with a $500 security guarantee. http://http://www.djbdnsrocks.org/single/download.htm
3) ANS/CNS:- ANS/CNS full form is Authoritative Name Server/ Caching Name Server. ANS/CNS are commercial DNS servers from Nominum, for enterprise applications that need maximum performance. Url:- http://www.nominum.com/products.php?id=6
4) PowerDNS:- PowerDNS has developed a complete suite of technologies surrounding Internet Naming and email. Internet Naming is at the core of all online activities and is involved in each and every transaction on the net.
Url:- http://www.powerdns.com/
5) NSD:- NSD full form is Name Server Daemon. NSD is an authoritative only, high performance, simple and open source name server. Url:- http://www.nlnetlabs.nl/
6) MaraDNS:- MaraDNS is a package that implements the Domain Name Service (DNS), an essential internet service. MaraDNS is easy to use highly secure. Url:- http://www.maradns.org/
7) MyDNS:- MyDNS is a free DNS server for UNIX. MyDNS does not include recursive name service, nor a resolver library. It is primarily designed for organizations with many zones and/or resource records who desire the ability to perform real-time dynamic updates on their DNS data via MySQL. Url:- http://mydns.bboy.net/
8) RBLDNSD :- Meaning is “DNS daemon suitable for running DNS-based blocklists”. rbldnsd is a small DNS-protocol daemon which is designed to handle queries to DNS-based IP-listing or NAME-listing services. Such services are a simple way to share/publish a list of IP addresses or (domain) names which are “listed” for for some reason, for example in order to be able to refuse a service to a client which is “listed” in some blocklist. Url:- http://www.corpit.ru/mjt/rbldnsd.html
9) Pdnsd:- pdnsd is a proxy DNS server that caches entries permanently to disk. pdnsd allows you to configure one address as the DNS server for all your internet software. This can be localhost, but I personally use a separate machine that I’ve configured as a gateway to the internet for my home LAN. pdnsd can then be configured to contact your ISP’s DNS servers when you make a dial-up connection. Url:- http://www.phys.uu.nl/~rombouts/pdnsd.html
10) Dents:- Dents is a from scratch implementation of the server side of the Domain Name System (DNS) protocol and it shares no code with any other project. Among its several features are compatibility with the named DNS daemon, a modular driver system and an extensible control facility which allows the administrator to control the running server. Url:- http://sourceforge.net/projects/dents/ or http://www.europe.redhat.com/documen....1-1.i386.php3
11) Microsoft’s DNS server :- The DNS server in Windows 2003 has seen increasing adoption since its first release for Windows 2000 in 1999. It is regarded as stable and is well-integrated with Microsoft’s server administration tools.
Url:- http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/d...displaylang=en
12) Simple DNS Plus:- Simple DNS Plus is commercial software for Windows (any version from Windows 95 to 2003). It seems fully functional and targeted to small sites and home users with permanent Internet connections. It has some innovative features, but I have no first hand experience with it. Url:- http://www.simpledns.com
Domain Name System (DNS) is a database system that translates a computer's fully qualified domain name into an IP address.
Networked computers use IP addresses to locate and connect to each other, but IP addresses can be difficult for people to remember. For example, on the web, it's much easier to remember the domain name www.eukhost.com than it is to remember its corresponding IP address (213.175.192.12).
DNS allows you to connect to another networked computer or remote service by using its user-friendly domain name rather than its numerical IP address. Conversely, Reverse DNS (rDNS) translates an IP address into a domain name.
Types of DNS
Domain name system translate domain name to ip address. There are different types of dns server available we can install any of them as per our requirement.
1) BIND -> BIND is the reference implementation of a DNS server and usually serves as the base for experimentation with DNS protocol extensions. BIND is free and has been ported to many operating systems; see the respective entries in the index. Most BIND servers run on some variant of Unix, although BIND on Windows is also available.
Url:- http://www.bind9.net/download
2) djbdns:- The two main name server functions of caching and acting as an authoritative server are sensibly split into two separate programs (dnscache and tinydns). The djbdns package is free, and comes with a $500 security guarantee. http://http://www.djbdnsrocks.org/single/download.htm
3) ANS/CNS:- ANS/CNS full form is Authoritative Name Server/ Caching Name Server. ANS/CNS are commercial DNS servers from Nominum, for enterprise applications that need maximum performance. Url:- http://www.nominum.com/products.php?id=6
4) PowerDNS:- PowerDNS has developed a complete suite of technologies surrounding Internet Naming and email. Internet Naming is at the core of all online activities and is involved in each and every transaction on the net.
Url:- http://www.powerdns.com/
5) NSD:- NSD full form is Name Server Daemon. NSD is an authoritative only, high performance, simple and open source name server. Url:- http://www.nlnetlabs.nl/
6) MaraDNS:- MaraDNS is a package that implements the Domain Name Service (DNS), an essential internet service. MaraDNS is easy to use highly secure. Url:- http://www.maradns.org/
7) MyDNS:- MyDNS is a free DNS server for UNIX. MyDNS does not include recursive name service, nor a resolver library. It is primarily designed for organizations with many zones and/or resource records who desire the ability to perform real-time dynamic updates on their DNS data via MySQL. Url:- http://mydns.bboy.net/
8) RBLDNSD :- Meaning is “DNS daemon suitable for running DNS-based blocklists”. rbldnsd is a small DNS-protocol daemon which is designed to handle queries to DNS-based IP-listing or NAME-listing services. Such services are a simple way to share/publish a list of IP addresses or (domain) names which are “listed” for for some reason, for example in order to be able to refuse a service to a client which is “listed” in some blocklist. Url:- http://www.corpit.ru/mjt/rbldnsd.html
9) Pdnsd:- pdnsd is a proxy DNS server that caches entries permanently to disk. pdnsd allows you to configure one address as the DNS server for all your internet software. This can be localhost, but I personally use a separate machine that I’ve configured as a gateway to the internet for my home LAN. pdnsd can then be configured to contact your ISP’s DNS servers when you make a dial-up connection. Url:- http://www.phys.uu.nl/~rombouts/pdnsd.html
10) Dents:- Dents is a from scratch implementation of the server side of the Domain Name System (DNS) protocol and it shares no code with any other project. Among its several features are compatibility with the named DNS daemon, a modular driver system and an extensible control facility which allows the administrator to control the running server. Url:- http://sourceforge.net/projects/dents/ or http://www.europe.redhat.com/documen....1-1.i386.php3
11) Microsoft’s DNS server :- The DNS server in Windows 2003 has seen increasing adoption since its first release for Windows 2000 in 1999. It is regarded as stable and is well-integrated with Microsoft’s server administration tools.
Url:- http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/d...displaylang=en
12) Simple DNS Plus:- Simple DNS Plus is commercial software for Windows (any version from Windows 95 to 2003). It seems fully functional and targeted to small sites and home users with permanent Internet connections. It has some innovative features, but I have no first hand experience with it. Url:- http://www.simpledns.com
Some useful commands to manage an Exim server.
The message-IDs that Exim uses to refer to messages in its queue are mixed-case alpha-numeric, and take the form of: XXXXXX-YYYYYY-ZZ. Below bold alpha-numeric letters is message-IDs [it's just for an example]
Quote:
2008-11-05 12:37:22 1KxhdN-0000VQ-Uq => supp0rt R=virtual_user T=virtual_userdelivery
2008-11-05 12:37:22 1KxhdN-0000VQ-Uq Completed
Most commands related to managing the queue and logging use these message-ids.
Files in /var/spool/exim/msglog contain logging information for each message and are named the same as the message-id.
Files in /var/spool/exim/input are named after the message-id, plus a suffix denoting whether it is the envelope header (-H) or message data (-D).
Here are some useful exim commands. These commands are useful, if you have an overloaded queue and need to clear it out.
Print a count of the messages in the queue
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bpc
Try to send the message with id
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -M id
Count how many frozen mails in the queue
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bpr | grep frozen | wc -l
Delete frozen mails in the queue
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bpr | grep frozen | awk {'print $3'} | xargs exim -Mrm
To deliver all emails forcefully
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -qff -v -C /etc/exim.conf &
Print a summary of messages in the queue (count, volume, oldest, newest, domain, and totals)
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bp | exiqsumm
Generate and display Exim stats from a logfile
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# eximstats /var/log/exim_mainlog
Generate and display Exim stats from a logfile, for one particular day
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# grep 2008-11-04 /var/log/exim_mainlog | eximstats
Quote:
2008-11-05 12:37:22 1KxhdN-0000VQ-Uq => supp0rt
2008-11-05 12:37:22 1KxhdN-0000VQ-Uq Completed
Most commands related to managing the queue and logging use these message-ids.
Files in /var/spool/exim/msglog contain logging information for each message and are named the same as the message-id.
Files in /var/spool/exim/input are named after the message-id, plus a suffix denoting whether it is the envelope header (-H) or message data (-D).
Here are some useful exim commands. These commands are useful, if you have an overloaded queue and need to clear it out.
Print a count of the messages in the queue
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bpc
Try to send the message with id
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -M id
Count how many frozen mails in the queue
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bpr | grep frozen | wc -l
Delete frozen mails in the queue
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bpr | grep frozen | awk {'print $3'} | xargs exim -Mrm
To deliver all emails forcefully
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -qff -v -C /etc/exim.conf &
Print a summary of messages in the queue (count, volume, oldest, newest, domain, and totals)
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# exim -bp | exiqsumm
Generate and display Exim stats from a logfile
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# eximstats /var/log/exim_mainlog
Generate and display Exim stats from a logfile, for one particular day
Quote:
root@supp0rt007# grep 2008-11-04 /var/log/exim_mainlog | eximstats
redirect for domain by using following RewriteRule entry in .htaccess
----------------------------------------------------------------
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^xyz.com$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.xyz.com$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.xyz.com/test//$1 [R=301,L]
-----------------------------------------------------------------
If you do not want to change the address bar url chage R to P.
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^xyz.com$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.xyz.com$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.xyz.com/test//$1 [R=301,L]
-----------------------------------------------------------------
If you do not want to change the address bar url chage R to P.
Removing Mysql sleep processes.
#mysqladmin processlist
#cd /var/lib/mysql/
#mysqlcheck -r eximstats
#myisamchk -r eximstats/*
#mysqladmin processlist
#cd /var/lib/mysql/
#mysqlcheck -r eximstats
#myisamchk -r eximstats/*
#mysqladmin processlist
Apache error logs.
Kill -9 PID
ps aufx | grep nobody
tail -f /usr/local/apache/logs/access_log :-
tail -f /usr/local/apache/logs/error_log :- site access error logs
tail -f /var/log/exim_mainlog :- mail logs.
usr/local/apache/logs :: access log, error log, if configured php logs, domain logs(domlogs),module logs, httpd pid
tail -f /usr/local/apache/logs/access_log fro httpd
/var/log/
* /var/log/message: Genreal message and system releated stuff
* /var/log/auth.log: Authenication logs
* /var/log/kern.log: Kernel logs
* /var/log/cron.log: Crond logs
* /var/log/maillog: Mail logs
* /var/log/qmail/ : Qmail log directory (more files inside this directory)
* /var/log/httpd/: Apache access and error logs directory
* /var/log/lighttpd: Lighttpd access and error logs directory
* /var/log/boot.log : System boot log
* /var/log/mysqld.log: MySQL database server log file
* /var/log/secure: Authentication log
* /var/log/utmp or /var/log/wtmp : Login records file
* /var/log/yum.log: Yum log files
For spamming issue or high mail queue you can check the logs
tail -f /var/log/exim_mainlog | grep sendmail, public_html, tmp
MYSQL:-
mysqladmin processlist :- shows current mysql database usage
watch mysqladmin processlist :- dynamic usage of mysql process .
Service restart commands- /scripts/restartsrv_servicename
restartsrv_entropychat*
restartsrv_exim*
restartsrv_eximstats*
restartsrv_ftpserver*
restartsrv_httpd*
restartsrv_imap*
restartsrv_inetd*
restartsrv_interchange*
restartsrv_ipaliases*
restartsrv_melange*
restartsrv_mysql*
restartsrv_named*
restartsrv_nsd*
restartsrv_postgres*
restartsrv_postgresql*
restartsrv_proftpd*
restartsrv_pureftpd*
restartsrv_rsyslogd*
restartsrv_spamd*
restartsrv_sshd*
restartsrv_syslogd*
restartsrv_tailwatchd*
restartsrv_tomcat*
restartsrv_xinetd*
ps aufx | grep nobody
tail -f /usr/local/apache/logs/access_log :-
tail -f /usr/local/apache/logs/error_log :- site access error logs
tail -f /var/log/exim_mainlog :- mail logs.
usr/local/apache/logs :: access log, error log, if configured php logs, domain logs(domlogs),module logs, httpd pid
tail -f /usr/local/apache/logs/access_log fro httpd
/var/log/
* /var/log/message: Genreal message and system releated stuff
* /var/log/auth.log: Authenication logs
* /var/log/kern.log: Kernel logs
* /var/log/cron.log: Crond logs
* /var/log/maillog: Mail logs
* /var/log/qmail/ : Qmail log directory (more files inside this directory)
* /var/log/httpd/: Apache access and error logs directory
* /var/log/lighttpd: Lighttpd access and error logs directory
* /var/log/boot.log : System boot log
* /var/log/mysqld.log: MySQL database server log file
* /var/log/secure: Authentication log
* /var/log/utmp or /var/log/wtmp : Login records file
* /var/log/yum.log: Yum log files
For spamming issue or high mail queue you can check the logs
tail -f /var/log/exim_mainlog | grep sendmail, public_html, tmp
MYSQL:-
mysqladmin processlist :- shows current mysql database usage
watch mysqladmin processlist :- dynamic usage of mysql process .
Service restart commands- /scripts/restartsrv_servicename
restartsrv_entropychat*
restartsrv_exim*
restartsrv_eximstats*
restartsrv_ftpserver*
restartsrv_httpd*
restartsrv_imap*
restartsrv_inetd*
restartsrv_interchange*
restartsrv_ipaliases*
restartsrv_melange*
restartsrv_mysql*
restartsrv_named*
restartsrv_nsd*
restartsrv_postgres*
restartsrv_postgresql*
restartsrv_proftpd*
restartsrv_pureftpd*
restartsrv_rsyslogd*
restartsrv_spamd*
restartsrv_sshd*
restartsrv_syslogd*
restartsrv_tailwatchd*
restartsrv_tomcat*
restartsrv_xinetd*
Thursday, June 18, 2009
cPanel Mail Issues
The below has been known to fix most cPanel mail issues. They can range from spamd failed messages to exim just flat out not working at all.
/scripts/perlinstaller Digest::SHA1
/scripts/perlinstaller --force Mail::SpamAssassin
/scripts/fixspamassassinfailedupdate
/scripts/updatenow
/scripts/installspam --force
/scripts/exim4 --force
/etc/rc.d/init.d/exim restart
/scripts/restartsrv spamd
/etc/rc.d/init.d/chkservd restart
/scripts/perlinstaller Digest::SHA1
/scripts/perlinstaller --force Mail::SpamAssassin
/scripts/fixspamassassinfailedupdate
/scripts/updatenow
/scripts/installspam --force
/scripts/exim4 --force
/etc/rc.d/init.d/exim restart
/scripts/restartsrv spamd
/etc/rc.d/init.d/chkservd restart
Installing FFMPEG
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
1. Lame MP3 encoder
Pure install of FFmpeg is not enough, the FLV (Flash Video Files) converted has no audio, because FLV audio codec is mp3, so you need LAME support.
Download from sourceforge.net
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lame/lame-3.96.tar.gz
tar xvzf lame-3.96.tar.gz
cd lame-3.96
./configure –enable-shared –prefix=/usr
make
make install
enable-shared to make sure FFmpeg can use LAME later. Type lame in command line to see help after install succeed.
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
2. Install subversion via yum, rpm or up2date (things are easier with Subversion).
For eg: If the server has yum installed, the following command would suffice.
yum install subversion
3. Download ffmpeg using subversion
svn checkout svn://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg
cd ffmpeg
./configure –enable-gpl –enable-shared –enable-libmp3lame
==============================
If you are getting the following error
“Unable to create and execute files in /tmp. Set the TMPDIR environment…”
Try to unmount /tmp OR
mkdir /test ; chmod 777 /test
vi configure edit TMPDIR to /test
and execute it once again
====================
make
make install
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
4. Install Ruby (FLVTool2 is written in Ruby, so you have to install Ruby in server too)
FLVTool2 is a manipulation tool for Macromedia Flash Video files (FLV). It can calculate a lot of meta data, insert an onMetaData tag, cut FLV files, add cue points (onCuePoint), show the FLV structure and print meta data information in XML or YAML.
Download from Ruby site, type the following command to compile and install it:
./configure
make
make install
Note: if you have yum installed, just use
yum install ruby
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
5. Install FLVTool2
Download from FLVTool2 site, type the following command to compile and install it:
wget http://rubyforge.org/frs/download.php/9225/flvtool2_1.0.5_rc6.tgz
tar xvzf flvtool2_1.0.5_rc6.tgz
cd flvtool2_1.0.5_rc6/
ruby setup.rb config
ruby setup.rb setup
ruby setup.rb install
Type flvtool2 in command line to see help after install succeed.
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
6. Install ffmpeg-php
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/ffmpeg-php/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1.tbz2?modtime=1213135005&big_mirror=0
tar xjvf ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1.tbz2
cd ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1
phpize
./configure && make
make install
You will get a message as follows, which mention the path
############################
/usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules/ffmpeg.so
cp ./.libs/ffmpeg.lai /usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules/ffmpeg.la
PATH=”$PATH:/sbin” ldconfig -n /usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules
———————————————————————-
Libraries have been installed in:
/usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/
########################
This creates the ffmpeg.so file. Include this extension in your php.ini file.
extension=ffmpeg.so
You can find the php.ini that the the server is using with the following command.
php -i |grep php.ini
Make sure that the php.ini has the above mentioned extension directory. Also note the PATH where the shared libraries loaded.
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
7. Libogg + Libvorbis
Download libogg from http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/
wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.1.3.tar.gz
tar xvzf libogg-1.1.3.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/libogg-1.1.3
./configure && make && make install
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
Download Libvorbis from http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/
wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.1.2.tar.gz
tar xvzf libvorbis-1.1.2.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/libvorbis-1.1.2
./configure && make && make install
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
8. Mplayer & Codecs
wget http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/essential-20071007.tar.bz2
tar xjvf essential-20071007.tar.bz2
mv /usr/local/src/essential-20071007/ /usr/local/lib/codecs/
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/lib/codecs/
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/MPlayer-1.0rc1.tar.bz2
tar xjvf MPlayer-1.0rc1.tar.bz2
cd MPlayer-1.0rc1/
./configure
make
make install
=======================
For more information and FAQs,
http://ffmpeg.mplayerhq.hu/faq.html
Click here for the steps to install FFmpeg and FFmpeg-php in a Linux ( RHEL, CentOS, Fedora) Server.
Common Issues & fixes :
1) If you are getting the following error while running ffmpeg in shell, try the following.
ffmpeg: error while loading shared libraries: libavdevice.so.52: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
A)
Step 1: Check if the file “libavdevice.so.52″ exists in the server using the following command.
find / -name ‘libavdevice.so.*’
Step 2: You will get the directory in which the file “libavdevice.so.52″ exists from the above command.
Suppose the directory is “/usr/local/lib/” in this example.
Step 3: You have to add the directory name in the file “/etc/ld.so.conf”.
Step 4: Execute the command “ldconfig”.
OR
B)
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:LD_LIBRARY_PATH
But this value will be cleared once you log off that session.
So it is better to save this value in bashrc
vi .bashrc
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
After closing the file execute the command : bash
2)
If you are getting the following errors while installing ffmpeg
"checking for ffmpeg headers... configure: error: ffmpeg headers not
found. Make sure you've built ffmpeg as shared libs using the --enable-
shared option"
Check whether “/usr/local/include/ffmpeg” directory is created while installing ffmpeg.
If not, create this directory.
mkdir /usr/local/include/ffmpeg
Copy the necessary ffmpeg header files to “/usr/local/include/ffmpeg”.
cp -p /usr/local/src/ffmpeg/libavformat/avio.h /usr/local/include/ffmpeg
cp -p /usr/local/src/ffmpeg/libavformat/avformat.h /usr/local/include/ffmpeg
cp -p /usr/local/src/ffmpeg/libavcodec/avcodec
cd /usr/local/src
1. Lame MP3 encoder
Pure install of FFmpeg is not enough, the FLV (Flash Video Files) converted has no audio, because FLV audio codec is mp3, so you need LAME support.
Download from sourceforge.net
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lame/lame-3.96.tar.gz
tar xvzf lame-3.96.tar.gz
cd lame-3.96
./configure –enable-shared –prefix=/usr
make
make install
enable-shared to make sure FFmpeg can use LAME later. Type lame in command line to see help after install succeed.
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
2. Install subversion via yum, rpm or up2date (things are easier with Subversion).
For eg: If the server has yum installed, the following command would suffice.
yum install subversion
3. Download ffmpeg using subversion
svn checkout svn://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg
cd ffmpeg
./configure –enable-gpl –enable-shared –enable-libmp3lame
==============================
If you are getting the following error
“Unable to create and execute files in /tmp. Set the TMPDIR environment…”
Try to unmount /tmp OR
mkdir /test ; chmod 777 /test
vi configure edit TMPDIR to /test
and execute it once again
====================
make
make install
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
4. Install Ruby (FLVTool2 is written in Ruby, so you have to install Ruby in server too)
FLVTool2 is a manipulation tool for Macromedia Flash Video files (FLV). It can calculate a lot of meta data, insert an onMetaData tag, cut FLV files, add cue points (onCuePoint), show the FLV structure and print meta data information in XML or YAML.
Download from Ruby site, type the following command to compile and install it:
./configure
make
make install
Note: if you have yum installed, just use
yum install ruby
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
5. Install FLVTool2
Download from FLVTool2 site, type the following command to compile and install it:
wget http://rubyforge.org/frs/download.php/9225/flvtool2_1.0.5_rc6.tgz
tar xvzf flvtool2_1.0.5_rc6.tgz
cd flvtool2_1.0.5_rc6/
ruby setup.rb config
ruby setup.rb setup
ruby setup.rb install
Type flvtool2 in command line to see help after install succeed.
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
6. Install ffmpeg-php
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/ffmpeg-php/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1.tbz2?modtime=1213135005&big_mirror=0
tar xjvf ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1.tbz2
cd ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1
phpize
./configure && make
make install
You will get a message as follows, which mention the path
############################
/usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules/ffmpeg.so
cp ./.libs/ffmpeg.lai /usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules/ffmpeg.la
PATH=”$PATH:/sbin” ldconfig -n /usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules
———————————————————————-
Libraries have been installed in:
/usr/local/src/ffmpeg-php-0.5.3.1/modules
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/
########################
This creates the ffmpeg.so file. Include this extension in your php.ini file.
extension=ffmpeg.so
You can find the php.ini that the the server is using with the following command.
php -i |grep php.ini
Make sure that the php.ini has the above mentioned extension directory. Also note the PATH where the shared libraries loaded.
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
7. Libogg + Libvorbis
Download libogg from http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/
wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.1.3.tar.gz
tar xvzf libogg-1.1.3.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/libogg-1.1.3
./configure && make && make install
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
Download Libvorbis from http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/
wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.1.2.tar.gz
tar xvzf libvorbis-1.1.2.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/libvorbis-1.1.2
./configure && make && make install
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
8. Mplayer & Codecs
wget http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/essential-20071007.tar.bz2
tar xjvf essential-20071007.tar.bz2
mv /usr/local/src/essential-20071007/ /usr/local/lib/codecs/
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/lib/codecs/
Go to your installation folder.
cd /usr/local/src
wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/MPlayer-1.0rc1.tar.bz2
tar xjvf MPlayer-1.0rc1.tar.bz2
cd MPlayer-1.0rc1/
./configure
make
make install
=======================
For more information and FAQs,
http://ffmpeg.mplayerhq.hu/faq.html
Click here for the steps to install FFmpeg and FFmpeg-php in a Linux ( RHEL, CentOS, Fedora) Server.
Common Issues & fixes :
1) If you are getting the following error while running ffmpeg in shell, try the following.
ffmpeg: error while loading shared libraries: libavdevice.so.52: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
A)
Step 1: Check if the file “libavdevice.so.52″ exists in the server using the following command.
find / -name ‘libavdevice.so.*’
Step 2: You will get the directory in which the file “libavdevice.so.52″ exists from the above command.
Suppose the directory is “/usr/local/lib/” in this example.
Step 3: You have to add the directory name in the file “/etc/ld.so.conf”.
Step 4: Execute the command “ldconfig”.
OR
B)
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:LD_LIBRARY_PATH
But this value will be cleared once you log off that session.
So it is better to save this value in bashrc
vi .bashrc
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
After closing the file execute the command : bash
2)
If you are getting the following errors while installing ffmpeg
"checking for ffmpeg headers... configure: error: ffmpeg headers not
found. Make sure you've built ffmpeg as shared libs using the --enable-
shared option"
Check whether “/usr/local/include/ffmpeg” directory is created while installing ffmpeg.
If not, create this directory.
mkdir /usr/local/include/ffmpeg
Copy the necessary ffmpeg header files to “/usr/local/include/ffmpeg”.
cp -p /usr/local/src/ffmpeg/libavformat/avio.h /usr/local/include/ffmpeg
cp -p /usr/local/src/ffmpeg/libavformat/avformat.h /usr/local/include/ffmpeg
cp -p /usr/local/src/ffmpeg/libavcodec/avcodec
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